抗氧及摩擦改进剂的发展研究

抗氧及摩擦改进剂能够显著提高润滑油的抗氧抗磨性能,是润滑油的重要添加剂。但目前主流的抗氧及摩擦改进剂均含有对环境不利的S、P元素,开展新型环保抗氧及摩擦改进剂研究具有重要理论和实践价值。从抗氧剂和摩擦改进剂剂着手,介绍了目前使用最多的ZDDP的润滑机理和存在的局限,综合论述了酚型、胺型、无硫磷含氮杂环型抗氧剂和离子液体型、含氮杂环型、纳米粒子型摩擦改进剂的作用机理以及最新的研究成果,发现含氮杂环化合物具有成为新型抗氧摩擦改进剂的潜力,提出其存在的缺陷,并展望了未来的研究工作。

Research Progress of Anti-oxidants and Friction Improvers of Lubricant

Anti-oxidants and friction improvers can significantly improve the anti-oxidation and friction properties of lubricating oil, and are very important additives. However, most of anti-oxidants and friction improvers contain S and P elements which are unfavorable to the environment. Therefore, it is very significant to develop new type of environmental friendly anti-oxidants and friction improvers. In this paper, the lubrication mechanism and limitations of ZDDP were introduced. The mechanisms and the latest research results of antioxidants (phenolic, amine, sulfur and nitrogen heterocyclic) and friction improvers (ionic liquid, nitrogen heterocyclic and nanoparticle type) were reviewed. It's pointed out that heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen had the potential to be a new type of antioxidant and friction improver, and their defects were pointed out. At last, the future research work was prospected.