材料复杂残余应力的高温松弛行为

介绍了材料表面应力状态的X射线测量方法，研究了低碳钢交叉焊缝残余应力状态及其热松弛行为。结果表明，焊缝表面残余应力状态比较复杂，加热处理不但可有效降低应力幅度，对应力状态也产生一定影响。加热温度及时问是决定应力松弛的关键因素。在加热退火期间，Mises等效残余应力按幂指数方式松弛．并遵循蠕变机制。

Relaxation Behavior of Complex Residual Stress of Material at High Temperature

The method to measure the stress state on surface of material was introduced,and the state as well as the thermal relaxation behavior of residual stress for cross weld of low carbon steel was investigated.The result showed that the stress of this weld was complicate.By using the heating process,the residual stress would be effectively reduced,and the state of stress was also improved.The stress relaxation was mainly related to the heating temperature and time.During the annealing process,the Mises effective stress relaxation was subordinated to the power law,and was according to the creep mechanism.