我国煤矿绿色充填开采技术应用与展望

常规井工煤矿开采会造成地面沉（塌）陷、生态环境破坏、建（构）筑物损害等问题,煤矿绿色充填开采实践表明：实施绿色充填开采,能够有效减小地表沉（塌）陷,保护地表和井下水系,消除地面矸石山对矿区生态环境的破坏,避免建（构）筑物的损害,降低采空区瓦斯的积聚,减少采空区积水,降低遗弃煤炭自燃的几率等,社会、经济和生态效益显著。分析了制约我国煤矿绿色充填开采应用的主要因素是国家政策支持力度不够,煤矿绿色充填开采技术初期建设投资大、充填成本高、建设周期长,煤企对生态环保的认识不足等。提出了要在“采、选、充、留”一体化精准充填开采技术和新型绿色充填材料的研发上加大力度,以发挥出我国煤矿绿色充填开采技术的更大作用。

Application and Prospect of green filling mining technology in China

Conventional underground coal mining will cause ground subsidence (collapse), ecological environment damage, building (structure) damage and other problems. The practice of green filling mining in coal mine shows that the implementation of green filling mining can effectively reduce the surface subsidence (collapse), protect the surface and underground water system, eliminate the damage of ground gangue dump to the ecological environment of mining area, avoid the damage of building (structure) and reduce the cost The accumulation of gas in goaf, the reduction of water accumulation in goaf, the reduction of the probability of spontaneous combustion of abandoned coal and so on have produced good social, economic and ecological benefits. It is analyzed that the main factors restricting the application of green filling mining in China are insufficient national policy support, large initial construction investment of green filling mining technology, high filling cost, long construction period, and insufficient understanding of ecological and environmental protection in coal enterprises. It is proposed that more efforts should be made in the research and development of "mining, selection, filling and retention" integrated precision filling mining technology and new green filling materials, so as to play a greater role in China"s coal mine green filling mining technology.