传统发酵白牦牛酸奶重金属风险评估

利用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）技术测定49份白牦牛酸奶重金属含量，然后利用非参数概率评估模型对23份有检出值的酸奶样品中Pb、As、Cd和Cr的暴露量进行评估，采用国际上公认的可以量化风险的目标风险系数法进行风险描述，通过计算得到不同人群重金属膳食风险商分布状况。评估结果表明，1～3岁儿童的累加目标风险系数（THQ）最高为0.13，其他人群的累加THQ都较小，各元素的THQ大小依次为Cr＞As＞Cd＞Pb，暴露风险在可接受的范围内。通过比较发现，儿童的暴露量普遍高于成人，女性的暴露量较男性的高，且随着年龄的增长，暴露量逐渐降低。

Risk assessment of heavy metals in traditional fermented white yak yogurt

Heavy metal contents in 49 white yak yogurts were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technology, and the exposure of Pb, As, Cd and Cr in 23 yogurt samples which had detection values was evaluated using the nonparametric probability evaluation model. The risk was described by objective risk coefficient method recognized internationally which could quantify the risk, and distribution of heavy metal dietary risks in different populations was calculated. The evaluation results showed that the highest accumulative target hazard quotient (THQ) of 1-3 years old children was 0.13, the accumulative THQ of other populations was smaller. THQ of each element was Cr＞As＞Cd＞Pb, exposure risk was within acceptable range. By comparison, the exposure of children were generally higher than adults, and the exposure of women were higher than men, and the exposure decreased with age.