低压油田伴生气杂质脱除技术——以大庆油田为例

油田伴生气含有大量油、水及细小粉尘杂质,对于气负荷较大、压力较低、杂质颗粒小的油田伴生气加工,常规及单一的分离技术难以达到工艺生产要求。为此,上海化工研究院研发出一种针对油田伴生气杂质脱除的组合高效气体净化技术,集重力沉降分离、旋风分离、深层过滤多级分离技术于一体,各级分离技术间相互配合,不仅利用了重力沉降、旋风分离的油水强排污能力,更利用了中空纤维滤料的深层过滤强"吸附"能力,满足了生产装置对压力损失的高敏感度。试验装置运行考核结果表明:①该装置杂质脱除效果明显,液体脱除量比原分离装置高出720 g/104m3,固体杂质捕集量比原分离装置高出237 g/104m3,其中重力沉降分离和旋风分离段脱出的黏稠胶状物质比原分离装置高出780 g/104m3,过滤单元脱出的固体杂质为3.54 g/104m3,仅为原分离装置固体杂质重的1.5%,排放量减少98.5%;②该装置有很强的操作弹性和适应性;③该装置维护操作简单,检修维护费用低。

Removal of impurities in low-pressure oilfield associated gas: A case history in the Daqing Oilfield

Oilfield associated gas contains a great amount of oil, water and impurities such as powder dusts. However, the conventional single separation can not meet the needs for the processing of such oilfield associated gas, which is featured by a high gas load, low pressure, and impurities of extremely tiny particles, etc.. Therefore, an integrated and high efficient gas purification technology is developed for the removal of impurities in oilfield associated gas by the Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Engineering. This multi level separation technology includes gravity separation, cyclone separation, and deep bed filtration, which interacts closely, thus both a strong drainage ability of the former two and a high adsorption of the latter one by use of the hollow fiber filter material can meet the requirement of a gas purification plant for the high sensitivity of the pressure loss. The trial tests show that compared with the conventional unit, this new separation unit with this developed technology achieves a better result with an extra liquid removal volume of 720 g/104m3 and more captured solids of 237 g/104m3; the gummy and jelly like matters removed from gravity and cyclone separation stages are 780 g/104m3 more than those from the conventional unit and the removal solids from the deep bed filtration are 3.54 g/104m3, only 1.5% of those by the conventional unit; the discharged amount is reduced by 98.5%. This newly developed separation plant is of high flexibility and adaptability with easy manipulation and a low maintenance cost. This integrated technology provides a feasible and practical means for the low pressure associated gas production in oilfields.