一种低轨卫星接收的相控阵天线校准方法

针对相控阵天线设计中传统校准方法的缺陷,提出了一种适用于低轨卫星信号接收的通道校准方法,利用实际卫星下行信号对相控阵天线的各接收通路进行动态校准。该方法根据星历得到卫星动态位置坐标,计算卫星相对天线的方位和俯仰角度和理论相位差,再采集各个通路的实际信号,测量实际的相位差,理论值和实测值之间的差异即通道不一致性。最后利用波束合成指标验证了改进后校准的正确性。该方法简单可行,为低轨卫星侦察时相控阵天线的设计提供了一种先进、合理、有效的校准方案。

A Calibration Method of Phased Array Antenna for Low-orbit Satellite Receiving

Aiming at the defects of the traditional calibration method in the design of phased array antenna,a channel calibration method suitable for low-orbit satellite signal reception is proposed,which uses the downlink signal of the actual satellite to dynamically calibrate each receiving path of phased array antenna.The method calculates the azimuth,pitch angle and theoretical phase difference of the satellite relative to the antenna according to the satellite dynamic position coordinates obtained from the ephemeris,and then collects the actual signals of each channel to measure the actual phase difference.The difference between the theoretical value and the measured value is the channel inconsistency.Finally,the improved calibration is verified by the beam synthesis index.This method is feasible,and provides an advanced,reasonable and effective calibration scheme for the design of phased array antenna during low orbit satellite reconnaissance.