A novel FPGA-based architecture for the estimation of the virtual dimensionality in remotely sensed hyperspectral images |
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Authors: | Carlos Gonzalez Sebastian Lopez Daniel Mozos Roberto Sarmiento |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Computer Architecture and Automatics, Computer Science Faculty,Complutense University of Madrid,Madrid,Spain;2.Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA),University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Las Palmas,Spain |
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Abstract: | A challenging problem in spectral unmixing is how to determine the number of endmembers in a given scene. One of the most popular ways to determine the number of endmembers is by estimating the virtual dimensionality (VD) of the hyperspectral image using the well-known Harsanyi–Farrand–Chang (HFC) method. Due to the complexity and high dimensionality of hyperspectral scenes, this task is computationally expensive. Reconfigurable field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are promising platforms that allow hardware/software codesign and the potential to provide powerful onboard computing capabilities and flexibility at the same time. In this paper, we present the first FPGA design for the HFC-VD algorithm. The proposed method has been implemented on a Virtex-7 XC7VX690T FPGA and tested using real hyperspectral data collected by NASA’s Airborne Visible Infra-Red Imaging Spectrometer over the Cuprite mining district in Nevada and the World Trade Center in New York. Experimental results demonstrate that our hardware version of the HFC-VD algorithm can significantly outperform an equivalent software version, which makes our reconfigurable system appealing for onboard hyperspectral data processing. Most important, our implementation exhibits real-time performance with regard to the time that the hyperspectral instrument takes to collect the image data. |
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