基于数值计算的高速列车气动阻力 风洞试验缩比模型选取方法

为给高速列车气动阻力风洞试验模型选取提供更多的参考依据,通过计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)方法,研究不同比例的高速列车缩比模型对气动阻力风洞试验结果的影响.首先,计算得到开口式风洞测试段的静压系数分布曲线,为高速列车气动阻力测量试验模型的长度选择以及摆放位置提供依据;其次,通过数值计算得到全尺寸模型列车在明线运行时,以及不同比例的模型列车在风洞中运行工况下的气动阻力信息,并从阻塞效应和雷诺数的变化,以及风洞试验段内静压分布的影响这3个方面对列车模型的气动阻力结果进行分析,得到在所研究风洞中较合理的列车缩比模型比例选取范围.这种以CFD为基础进行数值仿真,选取风洞试验中列车模型比例及试验测试位置的方法,为在地面交通工具风洞中进行高速列车模型气动阻力试验的缩比模型选取提供一定依据.

Method of selecting high-speed train scale model for wind tunnel testing of aerodynamic drag based on numerical computation

To p rovide more references for the selection of high2speed train scale model for wind tunnel testing, the effect of different scale model of a high2speed train on aerodynamic drag obtained from wind tunnel test is studied by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The static p ressure distribution curve in open2jet wind tunnel test section is obtained by calculation, which p rovides a basis for high2speed train aerodynamic dragmeasuring testmodel to select length and location. Aerodynamic drag of different scale model in wind tunnel and full scale model at open line condition is obtained by numerical computation. The numerical results are analyzed for the blockage effect, influence of Reynolds number, and p ressure gradient in test section. Consequently a reasonable range of testmodel scale for studied wind tunnel is ob2 tained. The CFD2based app roach p rovides the selective method of high2speed train model scale and test location for aerodynamic drag test in a given wind tunnel and p rovides some basis for the selection of scale model for the aerodynamic test of high speed train in wind tunnel.