基于微米压入的延性金属单轴拉伸性能与断裂韧性评价技术研究进展

微米压入技术已可实现延性金属材料力学性能的准无损检测，相对于传统力学性能测试手段，该技术不仅可实现焊接接头、增材修复界面等微尺度复杂结构力学性能的准无损评价，还可用于在役设备关键重要部件力学性能的在线监测，为其安全预警与寿命预测提供依据。系统总结基于微米压入的延性金属单轴拉伸性能及断裂韧性评价技术的研究及应用现状。首先，较完整地阐述各类评价模型的基本原理、技术路线及实际应用现状，深入讨论不同评价模型的优点及局限性，给出领域内规范、标准的制定进展；然后，分别从理论研究和工程应用两个角度论述了基于微米压入力学性能评价方法存在的问题和挑战；最后，对微米压入力学性能检测技术的发展与应用趋势进行了展望。

Review of Techniques for Evaluating the Uniaxial Tensile Properties and Fracture Toughness of Ductile Metallic Materials Based on Micron Indentation

Micrometer indentation technology has been able to achieve quasi-nondestructive testing of the mechanical properties of ductile metal materials. Compared with the traditional mechanical properties testing methods, this technology can not only realize the quasi-nondestructive evaluation of mechanical properties of micro-scale complex structures such as welded joints and additive repair interfaces, but also be used for monitoring the mechanical properties of in-service equipment important components, which provides a basis of their safety warning and life prediction. The current research status of uniaxial tensile properties and fracture toughness evaluation technology based on micron indentation technology is summarized systematically. First of all, the basic principles and technical lines of various evaluation models are presented completely, and the advantages and limitations of different evaluation models are analysed systematically. Secondly, the standards and guidelines for micrometer indentation technology are summarized.After that the problems and challenges of micrometer indentation technology are discussed from the perspectives of both theoretical studies and engineering applications, respectively. Finally, the development and application trends of micron indentation mechanical properties testing technology are prospected.