考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率研究

传动效率是电驱动桥重要性能指标之一，实际使用条件下，由于齿轮、轴、轴承以及壳体等部件的负载变形，齿轮副之间存在啮合错位。为了准确预测电驱动桥传动系的啮合效率，提出了一种考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率计算方法。首先基于传动系等效啮合模型，计算不同载荷工况下传动系每个齿轮副之间的啮合错位量，采用考虑摩擦的齿轮加载接触分析方法(FLTCA)和混合润滑摩擦系数模型对齿轮副的齿面接触力和齿面摩擦系数分布进行计算，得到系统功率损失及啮合效率。然后，与商用有限元软件计算结果进行对比，验证了计算方法的准确性。最后，针对不同载荷工况和不同转速分析了考虑和不考虑系统变形的系统啮合效率，结果表明：随着转矩的增加，系统变形增大，齿轮副之间的错位量增加，导致齿轮副之间发生偏载，齿面摩擦系数增加，系统啮合效率呈下降趋势。

Study of Gear Meshing Efficiency of Electric Drive Axle with Considering System Deformation

Transmission efficiency is one of the important performance indicators of the electric drive axle. In actual working conditions, there is a meshing misalignment between gear pairs due to the load deformation of gears, shafts, bearings and housings. In order to accurately predict the meshing efficiency of the electric drive axle, this research proposed a calculation method of the electric drive axle gear meshing efficiency considering the system deformation. First, based on the equivalent meshing model of the drive train, the meshing misalignment between each gear pair in the system under different load conditions is calculated, and the friction-based loaded tooth contact analysis method (FLTCA) and the mixed lubrication friction coefficient model are used to analyze the system. The tooth surface contact force and the tooth surface friction coefficient distribution are calculated, and the system power loss and meshing efficiency are obtained. Then, under the condition of constant friction coefficient, the calculation results of commercial finite element software are compared to verify the accuracy of the calculation results. Finally, the meshing efficiency of the system with and without considering the system deformation is analyzed for different load conditions and different speeds. The results show that as the torque increases, the system deformation increases, and the amount of misalignment between gear pairs increases, which in turn leads to an eccentric load occurs between the gear pairs, the friction coefficient of the tooth surface increases, and the meshing efficiency of the system shows a downward trend.