高温自生压力法制备基于天然产物的碳及其复合材料

高温自生压力法(RAPET)是一种新型、简单而又高效的无机材料制备方法。以含水天然产物如甘薯、香菜和野藤等为前驱物,经冷冻干燥其骨架结构得以维持,然后通过RAPET法在700℃碳化,制得了保持天然物原有微观骨架结构的碳材料;以液态油脂花生油为原料,经RAPET法直接制得微米碳球;粘胶纤维和脱脂棉经RAPET碳化后能维持其原有纤维形貌;用钛酸丁酯(TBOT)和正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)浸渍的脱脂棉和粘胶纤维,经RAPET法一步合成了C/TiO2和C/SiO2复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了产物的形貌,以比表面积及孔径分布测试仪对产物的比表面积和孔结构进行了表征,通过X射线衍射(XRD)研究了所得C/TiO2和C/SiO2复合材料的晶相特征。结果显示,所得产物比表面积从4m2/g到405m2/g不等,C/TiO2中TiO2晶相为锐钛矿型。

Preparation of carbon and its composite from nature materials via the reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature

The reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature(RAPET)is a new simple efficient method to prepare inorganic materials.The carbon and carbon composites were prepared via the method of RAPET using natural products such as sweet potato and coriander and the absorbent cotton and viscose fiber doped by TBOT and TEOS.The carbon and the carbon composites were studied with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements.The BET surface area of the materials were different from 4m~2/g to 405m~2/g.The XRD investigation indicated that the phases of the Tio_2 in the carbon/TiO_2 composites were anatase.