一种井底压力实时采集传输系统的研制

井底压力是钻井介质作用于环空井底所产生的压力，其大小直接影响着井筒压力系统的平衡与否。井底压力的设计需要考虑地层坍塌压力、地层孔隙压力、地层破裂压力以及地面处理设备的能力和井控设备的控制能力，是关系着整个钻井过程安全的一项重要参数。以往钻进过程中的井底压力都是通过实测立管压力与计算模型和相关公式、软件计算得出的，由于井筒流体流动（特别是存在多相流流态时）的复杂性，理论模型的建立时往往会简化“边界条件”，其计算结果与实际存在一定偏差，往往导致现场控制失误。文章介绍一种可以动态、精确采集井底压力、温度等参数，并实时传输至地面的系统，以实现对井底压力精确控制。

DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME BOTTOMHOLE PRESSURE ACQUISITION TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

The bottomhole pressure would influence the balance of the wellbore pressure system. In the design of the bottomhole pressure, the collapse pressure, the pore pressure, the fracture pressure of the formation, the ability to handle the surface equipment and the ability to control the controlling service should be considered. So, the bottomhole pressure is an important parameter related with the safety of the whole drilling process. In history, the bottom hole pressure was gained by the actual measurement standpipe pressure and the simulation of the software calculation, and because the assumed condition of the theory model and the big differences among the mediums of the multi-phase fluids in the wellbore made big deviation in the calculating results, which caused the controlling failure in-site. In this paper, a system which can collect the bottom hole pressure and temperature data, and transmit the data to the surface was introduced. The system can realize the accurate control of bottom hole pressure to the target well.