油菜根肿病菌拮抗微生物的筛选及其防治效果测定

以寻找对油菜根肿病菌具有生物防治作用的拮抗微生物为主要目的,采集茶树、红豆树、银杏树、白菜和油菜的根际土壤及根、茎、叶、枝条等样品进行分离,通过测定根肿病菌休眠孢子接种这些微生物后的萌发率来筛选拮抗菌株,并在室内盆栽及大田试验中评价了10株拮抗微生物的防治效果。实验共分离出细菌421株、真菌155株、放线菌368株,使休眠孢子萌发率低于45%的菌株仅分别占5.46%、0.65%、4.35%。其中放线菌A316、A10和真菌T1对根肿病的生防潜力最大,对休眠孢子萌发的抑制率分别高达77.11%、72.54%、69.01%,室内盆栽防效分别为73.60%、70.94%、67.10%,大田防效依次达65.84%、59.59%、61.24%。

Control of rapeseed clubroot by screened antagonistic microorganisms against Plasmodiophora brassicae

Hundreds of microbes were isolated from rhizosphere soil,root,stem and twigs of plants species for rapeseed clubroot（Plasmodiophora brassicae） control.The plant species included ginkgo tree（Ginkgo biloba）,tea tree（Camellia sinensis）,Ormosia yaanensis,Chinese cabbage（Brassica rapa）,and also rapeseed（Brassica napus）.A total of 421 bacterias,155 fungi and 368 actinomycete strains were isolated.From the results of germination rate investigation of P.brassicae resting spore after inoculation of isolated strains,5.46% of bacteria,0.65% of fungi and 4.35% of actinomycetes were found,all of them could decrease the germination rates of P.brassicae below 45%.Among these strains,antagonistic strains actinomycete A316,A10 and fungi T1 had the best potential in biological control of rapeseed clubroot.The resting spore germination inhibition rates reached 77.11%,72.54% and 69.01%,respectively.Their control efficiencies were 73.60%,70.94%,67.10% in pot experiment and 65.84%,59.59%,61.24% in field experiment.