全球矿产品定价机制下的利益分配格局分析

本文首先在理论上介绍了当前国际矿产品市场上的三种定价模式,并选取了必和必拓、埃克森美孚、自由港3家跨国资源公司和美国洲际交易所、伦敦金属交易所为研究对象,通过查阅公司年报、财经数据库等资料归类分析了上述机构股东的背景情况,以期达到分析当前矿产品定价机制下利益分配格局的目的。研究表明,无论是跨国资源公司,还是商品期货交易所,其股东均为西方发达国家的金融机构。这些股东通过早期对海外矿产资源的权益性投资,已经成为国际大宗矿产的实际控制者,他们或通过提高长期协议价格,或利用资金、信息等优势操纵矿产品期货价格,攫取超额利润。从而得出结论:西方发达国家不仅是当前国际矿产品定价规则的制定者,还是国际矿产品价格提价或波动的始作俑者及最终受益者。

Analysis on the pattern of distribution of interests under the current pricing pattern of global mines

This essay, firstly introducing the 3 pricing patterns of global mines theoretically, takes 3 multinational resource corporations and 2 Mines Futures Exchanges as research target. The nationality of the shareholders from these institutions above brings to light, by consulting the relevant annual reports or financial data bank, so as to analyze the pattern of distribution of interests under the current pricing pattern of global mines. The shareholders, either multinational resource corporations or Mines Futures Exchanges above, consist of financial institutions from Western countries. These shareholders, by investing on the mineral resources overseas, became the ultimate controllers of global mines, which grabbed the super-profit by several vehicles such as raising the price of frame-work contract, manipulating the price of mines futures by the unilateral information or capital superiority, etc. It is concluded that Western countries are not only the framer for the pricing pattern of global mines, but also the final beneficiaries through the price surge or fluctuation of mines.