FPGA-based hardware CNC interpolator of Bezier,splines, B-splines and NURBS curves for industrial applications

Tool path interpolation is an important part of Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) systems because it is related to the machining accuracy, tool-motion smoothness and overall efficiency. The use of parametric curves to generate tool-motion trajectories on a workpiece for high accuracy machining has become a standard data format that is used for CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing) and CNC systems. Splines, Bezier, B-splines, and NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-splines) curves are the common parametric technique used for tool path design. However, the reported works bring out the high computational load required for this type of interpolation, and then at best only one interpolation algorithm is implemented. The contribution of this paper is the development of a hardware processing unit based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) for industrial CNC machines, which is capable of implementing the four main interpolation techniques. It allows the selection of the required interpolation technique according the application. Two CAD models are designed for test the CNC interpolations; experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed methodology.