醋糟间歇气化制备燃气试验

醋糟是酿造食醋后所剩余的残渣,由于醋糟具有盐度高、酸性强、自然分解慢等特点,将醋糟气化后制备燃气,对于提高酿醋行业资源利用率、减小环境污染均具有重要的意义。为此,采用单一流化床两步气化方法,以煤作为热载体与发热体,纯水蒸气作为气化介质,在自行研制的实验装置上进行了醋糟气化制备燃气的试验,探讨了气化温度(900~1 000℃)、水蒸气与醋糟质量比(1.23~3.57)对燃气组分(H2/CO、CO/CO2等)、产率、低热值等的影响。在实验研究的条件范围内,燃气中(H2+CO)含量为67.07%~73.72%,燃气产率为0.32~0.72m3/kg,低位热值为10 757.2~11 746.16kJ/m3。试验结果表明:①H2和CO是燃气中最主要的2种气体,随着气化温度的升高,燃气中H2与CO含量、CO/CO2值和燃气产率均增加,而CH4与CO2含量、H2/CO值和燃气低位热值则相应地减少;②随着水蒸气与醋糟质量比的增加,燃气中H2与CH4含量、H2/CO值、燃气产率和低位热值均增加,而CO含量呈现下降趋势。结论认为:该单一流化床两步气化系统能够稳定获得富含氢气的燃气,并可长时间平稳、安全、可靠地运行。

An experimental study of a fuel gas produced from vinegar residue through biomass intermittent gasification

If a fuel gas can be produced from the gasified vinegar residue with high salinity, strong acidity, and a very slow natural decomposition process, this will not only help improve the utilization of vinegar residue but mitigate the environmental risks. In this experimental study, the thermochemical biomass gasification was performed on a self designed fluidized bed reactor with pure water vapor as a gasification medium. A two stage gasification process was adopted considering the time segregated hybridization of air combustion and steam gasification stages in the same fluidized bed reactor. The combustion stage was designed as coal combustion fed with air; the gasification stage as biomass gasification fed with steam. The gasification required energy was provided by the combustion stage. The goal was to investigate the effects of gasification temperature (900 – 1000 ℃), steam to vinegar residue mass ratio (1.23 – 3.57) on the gas components (H₂/CO, CO/CO₂, etc.), yield rate and lower heating value (LHV) of the product gas. Within the ranges of the experimental conditions used, H₂ and CO content in the product gas varied from 67.07 to 73.72%, gas yield from 0.32 to 0.72 m³/kg, and LHV from 10,757.2 to 11,746.16 kJ/m³. The following findings were obtained from the experimental results. First, H₂ and CO are the two main gases in the product fuel gas; with an increase of gasification temperature, H₂ and CO content, CO/CO₂ value and gas yield all increase, whilst CH₄ and CO₂ content, H₂/CO value and LHV decrease. Second, the content of H₂ and CH₄, H₂/CO value, LHV increase with the rise of steam to vinegar residue mass ratio, whilst the CO content shows a decreasing trend. In conclusion, a fuel gas rich with H₂ can be continuously obtained from this experimental apparatus under steady, reliable and safe operation.