Structural characterization of a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis at 45°C |
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Authors: | Randhir S Makkar Swaranjit S Cameotra |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India;(2) Present address: Biomaterials Conversion Lab, National Food Research Institute, 305-8642 Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan;(3) Soil Biochemistry Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, 129 Land and Water Bldg., 16802 University Park, PA |
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Abstract: | Structural and biochemical characterization of a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis under thermophilic conditions was performed. Preliminary structural determination of CHCl3/CH3OH (65∶15) extracts by thin-layer chromatographic reagents showed it to be identical to surfactin. Also, the infrared, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy analysis confirmed it to be identical to surfactin. Biochemically, the
surfactant was a lipopeptide-containing lipid (17.05%) and protein (13.2%). The surfactant yielded a minimal aqueous surface-tension
value of 28 dyne/cm and an interfacial tension value at 0.1% concentration of 0.2 dyne/cm against diesel oil. The critical
micelle concentration of the surfactant was 35 mg/L. The biosurfactant exhibited an emulsification value (E
24) of 90 against diesel oil and a sand-pack oil recovery of 62%. It has potential application in microbial-enhanced oil recovery
in thermophilic, alkaline, acidic, and halophilic environments. |
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Keywords: | Bacillus biosurfactant surfactin thermophilic |
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