氮掺杂纳米碳改性LiFePO4正极材料的研究进展

锂离子电池是一种高效、清洁的储能装置,在便携式电子产品、储能设施和电动汽车等领域具有广泛的应用前景,对于缓解能源危机、环境污染和优化能源结构等方面具有重要意义。橄榄石型LiFePO_4是最有前途的锂离子电池正极材料之一,但较低的本征电子电导率与锂离子扩散速率限制了其高倍率性能的发挥及在锂离子动力电池中的广泛应用。纳米碳材料,尤其氮掺杂的无定形纳米碳、碳纳米管以及石墨烯等具有电子电导率高,比表面积大,亲和力强以及热、化学稳定性好等特点,在改善LiFePO_4材料性能方面显示出独特的优势。本文从掺杂方法、形貌结构、电化学性能等方面总结氮掺杂纳米碳改性LiFePO_4正极材料的研究进展,并展望其发展前景。

Research progress of nitrogen-doped nanocarbon modified LiFePO4 positive electrode materials

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are efficient and clean energy storage devices, which offer widely promising applications for consumer electronic products, energy storage facilities and electric vehicles, and have great significance to optimize the energy structure and relieve the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Olivine-type LiFePO4 is one of most promising positive electrode materials for LIBs. However, the intrinsically low electronic conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion velocity result in poor performance of LiFePO4 and hinder its large-scale application for power type LIBs. Nanocarbon materials, especially the nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon, carbon nanotube and graphene, present many merits such as high electronic conductivity, large specific surface area, superior chemical affinity and good thermal or chemical stability etc, which demonstrate unique advantages to improve the electrochemical performances of LiFePO4. In this review, the research progresses of the nitrogen-doped nanocarbon modified LiFePO4 materials have been summarized from the aspects of doping method, morphology and structure, electrochemical performance, and the future developments of the doped nanocarbon modified LiFePO4 materials are outlooked.