Analyse du comportement de lignes aériennes de télécommunication ou d’énergie électrique soumises à une impulsion électromagnétique d’origine nucléaire : limitations de l’utilisation de la théorie

The illumination of overhead lines by a nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) in presence of a perfectly conducting ground gives rise to a scattering problem leading to phenomenons both studied here in time and frequency domains. This problem is resolved with the help of an integral equation established in space-time domain and making possible (without approximation) the determination of the time dependance of the current induced on each point of the wire structure. Moreover, the passage in frequency domain allows to express a transfer function defined in one point of the excited line, pointing out its spectral characteristics. Results clearly show the insufficiency of the classic transmission line theory concealing some phenomenons which are described here and for which an interpretation is proposed.