几种豆科植物抗菌肽的生物信息学预测与分析

植物抗菌肽是存在于植物组织细胞中的一类对于对外来侵害有防御作用的小分子蛋白，可抑制或杀伤多种细菌和真菌。随着人们健康意识的提高以及技术手段的进步，植物来源抗菌肽的发掘和应用逐渐成为食品开发领域的重要研究方向。该试验从蛋白数据库中筛选了7种豆科植物的抗菌肽，并对其蛋白序列进行了比对和系统进化树分析，结合生物信息学研究工具对豆科植物抗菌肽的疏水性、拓扑结构域、蛋白空间结构和亚细胞定位进行了预测和分析。结果表明，7种豆科植物抗菌肽序列相似度达到71.94%，均具有8个半胱氨酸保守位点；豆科植物抗菌肽为碱性膜结合蛋白，分布于液泡膜、细胞核膜或者细胞膜上；其3D结构均由一组β-折叠和一个α-螺旋组成，与硫堇、植物防卫素蛋白结构相似。

Bioinformatics prediction and analysis of antimicrobial peptides from leguminous plants

Plant antimicrobial peptides, existing in plant tissue and cell, are micromolecule proteins for resisting foreign invasion. They have the capacity of resisting and killing a variety of bacterium and fungi. With the improvement of health consciousness and advance of technology, exploring and application of plant antimicrobial peptides become an important research aspect in the field of food development. In the test, seven antimicrobial peptides of leguminous plants were screened from protein database, and multiple alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis were conducted. The hydrophobicity, topologicaldomain, protein 3D structure, subcellular structure localization of plant antimicrobial peptides were predicted and analyzed by bioinformatics tools. It showed that the similarity of antimicrobial peptides sequence of seven leguminous plants, which had eight conserved sites of cysteines, was 71.94%. They were alkaline membrane binding proteins which distributed on tonoplast, nuclear membrane or cytomembrane. The 3D structures were constituted by a group of β-sheets and a α-helix, and the structure similarity was found among thionin, plant defensin.