察尔汗盐湖盐田工艺相图分析及计算

以察尔汗盐湖卤水滩晒含钠光卤石的盐田工艺为研究对象，以Na+、K+、Mg2+∥Cl-—H2O四元水盐体系相图理论为依据，对察尔汗盐田工艺分别做了25 ℃等温相图和多温相图分析。结果表明：察尔汗盐湖卤水在15~ 25 ℃时的结晶路线为NaCl→NaCl+Car→NaCl+Car+Bis，-5~15 ℃时的结晶路线为NaCl→NaCl+KCl→NaCl+Car→ NaCl+Car+Bis。物料衡算结果表明：分段蒸发使原矿的钠质量分数由37.046%降至12.353%，钾质量分数由16.899%提升至23.525%，分段蒸发可有效降低光卤石矿中杂质氯化钠的含量，提高含钠光卤石的品位，KCl收率高达97.90%。该研究可为盐田生产和工艺计算提供理论指导。

Phase diagram analysis and calculation of salt pan process of Chaerhan salt lake

With salt pan process of Chaerhan Salt Lake brine teds to sodium-contaning carnallite as the research object，based on Na+，K+，Mg2+∥Cl--H2O quaternary salt system phase diagram theory，the isothermal phase diagram at 25 ℃ and multitemperature phase diagram of Chaerhan salt pan process were analyzed.Results showed that the crystallization routes of Chaerhan Salt Lake brine were NaCl→NaCl+Car→NaCl+Car+Bis at 15~25 ℃，and NaCl→NaCl+KCl→NaCl+Car→NaCl+Car+Bis at-5~15 ℃，respectively.Material balance showed that stage evaporation made sodium mass fraction of crude ore decrease from 37.046% to 12.353%，potassium mass fraction increase from 16.899% to 23.525%.Stage evaporation could effectively reduce the impurity NaCl in carnallite and increase carnallite grade. KCl′s yield was up to 97.90%.This study could provide theoretical guidance for salt production and process calculations.