氢氛还原法制备氧化铁/膨润土复合材料及其表征研究

以膨润土和硝酸铁为原料，采用氢氛还原法制备Fe₃O₄/膨润土复合材料，并采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和电子能谱（EDS）做表征分析。通过实验得到最佳的工艺条件：n（OH^-）∶n（Fe³⁺）=1∶1、铁土比为10 mmol/g、还原温度为200 ℃、还原时间为30 min。制备的Fe₃O₄/膨润土具有良好的类Fenton催化性能、稳定性与磁分离性能。制备过程中铁元素化合物能够有效固载在膨润土上，并在氢气还原作用下转化为Fe3O4，所得Fe3O4/膨润土是结构分散、孔隙明显、物化形态优良的催化复合材料。

Preparation and characterization of Fe3O4/bentonite composite material byhydrogen atmosphere reduction method

Fe₃O₄/bentonite composite material was prepared by hydrogen atmosphere reduction method with bentonite and ferric nitrate as raw materials，and the Fe₃O₄/bentonite was characterized by XRD，SEM，and EDS.Results showed the optimum process conditions for preparation of Fe₃O₄/bentonite were as follows：n（OH^-）∶n（Fe³⁺）=1∶1，ratio of Fe to bentonite was 10 mmol/g，reduction temperature was 200 ℃，and reduction time was 30 min.Fe₃O₄/bentonite prepared by hydrogen atmosphere reduction method had good Fenton-like catalytic activity，stability，and magnetic separation performance.Iron compounds were effectively immobilized on bentonite and converted to Fe₃O₄ by hydrogen reduction during preparation process，and the prepared Fe₃O₄/bentonite was a catalytic composite material with decentralized structure，obvious pores and excellent morphology.