烤烟腺毛的形态学观察

采用水装片、石蜡切片和扫描电子显微镜3种方法综合起来对烤烟腺毛的形态进行观察,以期了解各种类型腺毛的形态学特征,为深入研究烤烟腺毛与烟叶品质的关系提供科学依据.结果表明：所有的腺毛都是由基部、柄部和头部三部分构成,观察到的腺毛类型有长柄腺毛（包括单细胞腺头和多细胞腺头）、短柄腺毛,其次还观察到表皮毛;长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛均起源于叶原基表皮细胞,腺毛原始细胞在发育初期并没有发育成为能区别长柄腺毛和短柄腺毛,两类腺毛的分化是在影成腺毛头部的最初阶段;长柄腺毛是烟叶的优势腺毛,对烟叶品质的贡献最大,短柄腺毛发育较长柄腺毛晚,但其形态变化较稳定,其对烟叶品质的贡献也不能忽略;在烟叶采收初期和中期,烟叶香气品质主要依靠长柄腺毛,而在采收末期,烟叶香气品质则主要依靠于短柄腺毛.

Study on the morphology of the glandular hairs of the flue-cured tobacco

In order to learn the morphological characteristics of all kinds of glandular hairs and the relationship between the glandular hairs and the quality of tobacco,morphological characteristics of glandular hairs of four kinds of the flue-cured tobacco were observed by water loading method,paraffin section method and scanning electron microscope method.The results show that all kinds of glandular hairs include base,handle and head.The kind of glandular hairs includes long trichomes （including single cell and multicellular gland head）,short ones and epidermal hair.Long and short trichomes are originated from protoderm cell on the leaf primordium.There is no differentiated difference between the long trichome and short one of the initial glandular cells.The differentiation of two types of glandular occurs in the initial stages of the formation of glandular head.Long ones are dominate hairs on the surface of leaf while short trichomes which develop later with steady quantity cannot be ignored.At the early and mid-intaked time,the quality of flue-cured tobacco mainly depends on the long glandular hairs.But in the late intaked time,it mainly depends on the short ones.