一种形式化逆推的逻辑方法

本文讨论逆绎推理的形式化问题，指出这一问题的认知基础，然后证明逆绎推理可通过建立必要性假设来完成；ＮＨ构成了对已有知识订的扩充，必须构造必要性假设理论来捕捉逆绎推理的逻辑特征，本文选择缺席逻辑作为形式化ＮＬ的理论框架，并指出ＮＬ的基本性质。

A Logic for Formalizing Abductive Reasoning

The issue on formalizing abductive reasoning is discussed in this paper. The cognitive foundation of the issue is firstly pointed out and it is then shown that abductive reasoning can be carried out by establishing necessity hypotheses (NH). The addition of NH causes the expansion of the original knowledge base. It is necessary to establish necessity hypotheses logic (NL) to capture the logic characteristics of abductive reasoning. Default logic is, thus, selected as the theoretical framework to formalize NL and based on that the essential natures of NL is presented in this paper. Finally we discuss the issues on the background knowledge closely retaled to NH and the consistency of NH, and present then the decidable criterion to judge consistant NH.