海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性评价

开展海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性评价对于沿海地区生态资源保护和灾害预防有着重要意义。采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型（Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs,InVEST）中的沿海脆弱性模型合成暴露度指数EI(Exposure Index)对海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性开展评价。针对典型研究区建立海岸特征—海岸动力—经济社会指标评价体系，优选海岸带特色评价因子包括海岸侵蚀速率、海岸类型、海岸生境等，进一步利用综合指数法量化脆弱性指数，最终获得海南岛沿海不同情境下的脆弱性，以及重点区域海岸侵蚀速率和侵蚀脆弱性等级。研究结果表明：(1)海南岛侵蚀脆弱性空间分布呈现东低西高，其中西南部市县脆弱性最高，东南部市县脆弱性最低，其余地区脆弱性适中。无生境情境下的沿海脆弱性远高于处于生境保护情境。(2)典型研究区海口东西海岸2016年至2020年砂质海岸受较多侵蚀，最多处超20 m/a。海口市龙华、美兰等主要城区海岸侵蚀脆弱性高，西海岸、东海岸分别次之，东寨港地区脆弱性最低。(3)研究发现在红树林等生境保护下的海岸可以有效得到保护，脆弱性...

Evaluation of Coastal Erosion Vulnerability in Hainan Island

Carrying out coastal erosion vulnerability assessment of Hainan Island is of great significance to the protection of ecological resources and disaster prevention in coastal areas. In this paper， the coastal vulnerability index EI （Exposure Index） of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs （InVEST） model is used to evaluate the coastal erosion vulnerability of Hainan Island. Then the evaluation system of coastal characteristics-coastal dynamics-economic and social indicators was established for the typical study area. Suitable evaluation factors for coastal zone characteristics were selected including coastal erosion rate， coastal type， coastal habitat， etc. The vulnerability index was quantified using the integrated index method. Finally， the vulnerability of the coast of Hainan Island under different scenarios， as well as the coastal erosion rate and erosion vulnerability class of the key areas were obtained. The study shows that： （1） The spatial distribution of erosion vulnerability on Hainan Island is low in the east and high in the west， with the highest vulnerability in the southwestern cities and counties， the lowest vulnerability in the southeastern cities and counties， and moderate vulnerability in the remaining areas. The coastal vulnerability in the habitat-free scenario is much higher than in the habitat-protected scenario. （2） The sandy shore of the east and west coast of Haikou in the typical study area is subject to more erosion from 2016 to 2020， with the most places exceeding 20 m/a. Coastal erosion vulnerability is high in the main urban areas of Haikou such as Longhua and Meilan District， followed by the west coast and east coast， respectively， and the lowest vulnerability in the Dongzhai Port area. （3） The study found that the coast under the protection of mangroves and other habitats can be effectively protected with very low vulnerability， while the degraded sandy shoreline shows high vulnerability， so it is necessary to protect coastal habitats and prevent coastal sediment loss.