全球稀有矿产品贸易格局演化及我国供应安全研究

作为战略性新兴产业的关键原材料，稀有矿产资源在现代工业发展中的作用日益凸显。以2002—2020年全球稀有矿产品贸易数据为基础，构建全球稀有矿产品贸易网络，从全球、区域以及国家（地区）3个层面，研究全球稀有矿产品贸易网络格局演化及中国供应安全。研究结果表明：（1）全球稀有矿产品贸易网络逐渐趋于复杂化，规模日益扩大，常年保持小世界特性；（2）美国、德国、法国和英国4个国家常年位于稀有矿产品贸易网络的核心位置，对世界稀有矿产品贸易有着强大的把控能力，在贸易网络中起着重要的桥梁作用；（3）我国在全球稀有矿产品贸易网络中的地位和控制能力逐年上升，贸易伙伴不断增加，在稀有矿产品贸易中的影响力越来越大；（4）全球稀有矿产品贸易网络主要存在4个贸易社团，各社团呈现不断分化重组的演化特征；（5）我国稀有矿产品供应安全有所提高，但仍处于不安全的状态，防止目标性中断对于保障我国稀有矿产品供应安全具有重要意义。

Evolution of Global Rare Minerals Trade Pattern and China’s Supply Security Research

As the key raw materials of strategic emerging industries，rare mineral resources play an increasingly prominent role in the development of modern industry.In order to grasp the characteristics and pattern of the global rare mineral trade network，and understand the supply security of rare mineral products in China， this paper adopted the complex network to construct a global rare mineral trade network based on the UN Comtrade and the global rare mineral trade data from 2002 to 2020.This paper studied the overall trade characteristics，node centrality and group evolution of the trade network，and simulated the targeted interruption of the supply security of rare mineral products in China.The results show that：（1）The global rare mineral products trade network is gradually becoming more complex，the scale is expanding，the trade connectivity is gradually strengthened，and the characteristics of the small world are maintained all year round.（2）The United States，Germany，France，and the United Kingdom are located in the core position of the rare mineral trade network all year round，and have a strong control over the world’s rare mineral trade，and play an important bridge role in the trade network.（3）China’s position and control ability in the global rare mineral products trade network have increased year by year，and its trading partners have been increasing，and its influence in the trade of rare mineral products has become increasing.（4）There are mainly 4 trading associations in the global rare mineral products trade network，and each community shows the evolutionary characteristics of continuous differentiation and reorganization.（5）The security of the supply of rare mineral products in China has been improved，but it is still in an unsafe state，and preventing targeted interruptions is of great significance to ensure the security of the supply of rare mineral products in China.According to this，the study believes that the following measures can provide a basis for optimizing the trade pattern of rare mineral products in China and formulating policies for supply security.First，establish long-term and stable trade links with the core countries of the global trade in rare mineral products.Second，implement a diversified trade strategy to enhance resilience to targeted disruption risks.Third，actively participate in the exploration of global rare mineral resources and promote the sustainable development of rare mineral resources in China.