高值化利用含Sb(Ⅲ)废水制备Fe3O4/Sb2O4@C复合材料及其性能研究

采用液相还原法制备纳米零价铁(nZVI),以其吸附废水中的Sb(Ⅲ),得到nZVI/Sb颗粒; 将其在500 ℃下氧气煅烧8 h,制得Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄材料; 再以葡萄糖为碳源、600 ℃氮气热处理,制备了Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄@C复合材料,并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明,nZVI吸附含Sb(Ⅲ)废水的适宜条件为:中性溶液Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度100 mg/L,nZVI投加量1.2 g/L,室温下吸附50 min,该条件下废水中Sb(Ⅲ)去除率为73%; 引入Sb₂O₄后,铁基负极的首次放电比容量高达1065.6 mAh/g; 包覆碳后,Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄@C复合材料电化学性能明显改善,100 mA/g电流密度下,循环150圈后放电比容量仍可保持在483.7 mAh/g,电流密度2000 mA/g时,放电比容量仍有118.2 mAh/g。

Properties of Fe3O4/Sb2O4@C Composite Material Synthesized by High Value Utilization of Sb(Ⅲ)-Containing Wastewater

Nanometer zero-valent iron (nZVI) prepared by liquid phase reduction method was used to adsorb Sb(Ⅲ) in wastewater. Then, the obtained nZVI/Sb particles were subjected to calcination at 500 ℃ in an oxygen oven for 8 h, yielding a material of Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄. After that, the material was calcinated at 600 ℃ under nitrogen flow with glucose as carbon source, and the Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄@C composite powders were finally synthesized. Based on the study of its properties, it is found that the Sb(Ⅲ) in the wastewater with an initial concentration of 100 mg/L is appropriately adsorbed with nZVI by adding an amount of 1.2 g/L at the room temperature for 50 min, leading to the removal rate of Sb(Ⅲ)  up to 73%.   After the incorporation of Sb₂O₄, the prepared iron-base anode has an initial discharge specific  capacity  up to 1065.6 mAh/g. After being coated with carbon layer, the Fe₃O₄/Sb₂O₄@C composite have an obviously improved electrochemical performance, which can remain an discharge specific  capacity of  483.7 mAh/g after 150 cycles at 100 mA/g, and 118.2 mA/g at  2000 mAh/g.