BiAlO3掺杂PZT陶瓷的高压电性能和低电场应变滞后

铅基压电陶瓷因其优异的压电性能, 被广泛应用于压电器件。其中, 压电驱动器要求压电陶瓷具有较高压电性能并且在电场下具有较高的电致应变和较小的应变滞后。本研究通过施主-受主共掺, 得到高压电性能和低电场应变滞后的PZT陶瓷。采用传统固相反应法制备了(1-x)(Pb_0.95Sr_0.05)(Zr₅₃Ti₄₇)O₃-xBiAlO₃+0.2%MnO₂陶瓷(掺杂量为质量百分数), 并对其微观结构和压电性能进行了研究。结果表明：BiAlO₃掺杂量较少时, 陶瓷中缺陷偶极子的“钉扎”效应使得陶瓷畴壁转动困难, 陶瓷压电性能较弱, 应变滞后也较小。随BiAlO₃掺杂量增加, 缺陷偶极子“钉扎”效应减弱, 陶瓷的压电性能和应变滞后随之提高。本实验得到的性能最优组分为x=1.75%, 该组份陶瓷的压电系数d₃₃=504 pC/N, 机电耦合系数k_p=0.71, 机械品质因数Q_m=281, 居里温度T_C=312 ℃, 在10 kV/cm电场下的应变滞后仅为15%, 并且还具有较好的温度稳定性, 是一种具有应用价值的压电驱动器用压电陶瓷材料。

High Piezoelectric Property and Low Electric Field-strain Hysteresis of BiAlO3-doped PZT Ceramics

Lead-based piezoelectric ceramics are widely used in piezoelectric devices due to their excellent piezoelectric properties. Piezoelectric actuators require piezoelectric ceramics with high piezoelectric properties and high precision displacement as well as small strain hysteresis under applied electric fields, which can be obtained by donor-acceptor co-doping. In this work, (1-x)(Pb_0.95Sr_0.05)(Zr₅₃Ti₄₇)O₃-xBiAlO₃ + 0.2%MnO₂ ceramics were prepared by a traditional solid-state reaction method (doping amount in mass percentage). The microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the prepared ceramics were investigated. The results demonstrated that the defect dipole can hinder the domain rotation in a few additions of BiAlO₃, resulting in a relatively low piezoelectric property and low strain hysteresis under electric fields. With more BiAlO₃ addition, the piezoelectric properties and strain hysteresis of the ceramics are improved because the pinning effect to the domain rotation become weak. The optimal performance is obtained at x=1.75%, where the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃), electromechanical coupling coefficient (k_p), mechanical quality factor (Q_m) and Curie temperature (T_C) are 504 pC/N, 0.71, 281 and 312 ℃, respectively. This piezoelectric ceramic show a relative high strain and low strain hysteresis (only 15%) under the electric field of 10 kV/cm. Due to the high piezoelectric performance and low electric field strain hysteresis along with the good temperature stability, the (1-x)(Pb_0.95Sr_0.05)(Zr₅₃Ti₄₇)O₃-xBiAlO₃ + 0.2%MnO₂ ceramics can be a kind of piezoelectric ceramic with practical application potentials for the piezoelectric actuators.