铝合金激光-钨极氩弧双面焊的焊接特性

以4 mm和10 mm厚5A06铝合金为实验材料,对激光-钨极氩弧(TIG)双面焊(LTDSW)的焊接特性进行了研究.该工艺充分利用了激光和钨极氩弧两种热源相互作用的优势,不仅可以获得稳定可靠的焊接过程与美观的焊缝成形,还具有显著增加接头熔深、减少焊接缺陷、提高焊接生产率和降低焊接成本等优势,实现了在小功率(1.0 kW)激光条件下4 mm厚铝合金板的可靠连接.与激光焊相比,激光-钨极氩弧双面焊的气孔数量有所下降,气孔分布位置主要受激光和电弧能量匹配关系的影响,气孔数量和大小主要取决于焊接热输入的大小.激光-钨极氩弧双面焊的接头抗拉强度为310 MPa,约为母材强度的88%.

Characteristics of Laser-TIG Double-Side Welding for Aluminum Alloys

Laser-TIG double-side welding (LTDSW) for aluminum alloys was explored. The double-side welding for 4 mm and 10 mm thick 5A06 aluminum alloys was implemented, and the characteristics of LTDSW were investigated. The results show that the technology combines the advantages of laser and TIG. Stable process and good welding appearance were obtained. Other remarkable advantages, such as increasing joint penetration, deceasing welding defects, enhancing productive efficiency, reducing welding cost, were also achieved. The reliable join for 4 mm thick aluminum alloys was realized with 1.0 kW laser power. Compared with laser welding, the pore amount of LTDSW is descreased. The pore distribution is mainly determined by the energy ratio of laser and arc. The amount and size of pore are mainly determined by the welding heat input. The average tensile strength of joints is 310 MPa, about 88% of base metal.