诱致性制度变迁下的村庄要素配置机制研究——基于长三角的案例分析

认为中国大量快速成长的村庄遵循了诱致性制度变迁为主的发展形式,建立了逻辑自洽的村庄要素配置机制。基于诱致性制度变迁理论推演,选取长江三角洲的两个典型案例进行实证。结论是村庄制度具有双重属性,外生属性决定了村庄制度在不同时期会受到宏观制度的影响,内生属性使得外部影响在微观层面衍生出内部激励结构。激励结构带动了村庄经济要素的活跃:经济主体依托并分享附着在村集体组织上的可信承诺,完成经济要素在村庄的内化交易;村集体组织甄别增长领域,协调外部问题.经济要素在村庄实现优化配置;为了推动村庄制度的变革,克服村庄制度相对于宏观制度的“粘滞”,村庄建立了多样的补偿方式,缓解了制度收益与成本在村庄内部的不均。多项村庄制度的创靳与组合使用推动了要素配置机制的成型与完善。即便是遵循同一逻辑获得快速成长的村庄,因历史单项制度设定不同而导致长久的要素特征差异,形成多元化的发展路径。诱致性制度变迁理论推演为中国村庄内生发展提供了一个理论框架。

FACTOR ALLOCATION MECHANISM IN VILLAGES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE INDUCED INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE: A CASE STUDY ON VILLAGES IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA REGION

A large number of villages in China are growing rapidly under the form of an induced institutional change and with a reasonable factor allocation mechanism. Two typical case villages in the Yangtze River Delta Region are selected to further elaborate this phenomenon based on the theory of induced institutional change. The case study reveals that village institution has dual attributes, including exogenous and endogenous ones. Exogenous attribute determines that the village institution is affected by the national institutional change in different periods, and the endogenous attribute is more about the internal incentive structure of the village stimulated by the external influence. The incentive structure drives the vitality of economic factors at the village level by several steps. Firstly, the economic entities share the credible commitments attached to the village collective which facilitates the internal transaction of economic factors in the village. Secondly, the village collective identifies the growth area and boundary, coordinates externalities of development projects, and optimizes the allocation of economic factors. Also, in order to promote the institutional reform of the village and overcome the "stickiness" of the village institution in terms of the adaption towards the macro system, various methods of compensation are established, which have alleviated the uneven distribution of the income-cost of institutional change. Multiple means of the institutional reform have promoted the formation of the factor allocation mechanism. Even though under the same development logic, two cases show long-term differences in feature characteristics and form diversified development paths due to the different setting of single historical institution. The application of the theory of induced institutional change provides a framework for the endogenous development of villages in China.