需求依赖于产品价格和消费者时间偏好的定价与订货决策

研究产品的市场需求依赖于价格和消费者时间偏好情形下的供应链及其成员的最优定价与订货问题. 利用时间偏好因子刻画消费者的时间偏好, 利用产品市场需求关于零售价格的弹性指数反映消费者的价格敏感程度, 建立存在强势零售商、强势供应商和供需双方势力均衡3 种渠道权力结构下的定价与订货模型. 数值结果表明, 在3 种渠道权力结构下, 消费者的时间偏好和产品市场需求关于零售价格的弹性指数是供应链主导者最优定价、订货量和期望利润的单调减函数, 将其纳入定价与订货决策的影响因素予以考量能够增加供应链主导者的最大期望利润.

Pricing and ordering decisions with price-and consumer time preference-dependent demand

This paper studies the pricing and ordering strategies of the supply chain and its members based on the time preference of consumer and the retail prices of product. The time preference factor is used to measure the consumer time preference, the elasticity index of product’s market demand about retail prices is used to reflect the price sensitivity of consumers, and the pricing and ordering models under three kinds of channel power structures(i.e., dominant retailer, dominant manufacture and balance of power between channel members) are built. The numerical results show that, under the three forms of channel coordination, the time preference of consumer and the elasticity index of product’s market demand about retail prices are decreasing with respect to the optimal retail price, order quantity and expected profit for supply chain leader. The time preference of consumer and the retail price of product are considered as the decision making factors of affecting the pricing and ordering processes, which can increase the optimal expected profit of supply chain leader.