沙棘蛋白和多肽的提取及功能活性研究进展

沙棘是一种生命力极强的落叶灌木，属于药食同源的植物。沙棘叶及种子中含有大量蛋白质，属于优质植物蛋白资源。沙棘蛋白或沙棘原料经过酶解、电解、酸碱催化等一系列操作后可得到肽。文章归纳整理了已有文献与资料，对沙棘蛋白与多肽不同提取方法的原理及特点进行分析比较，并分析了其蛋白和多肽的氨基酸组成、分子量等内容，介绍其具有的降血糖、抗氧化、醒酒抗炎等活性。总结发现沙棘蛋白和多肽虽然具有多种活性，但是复合法制备蛋白和多肽的应用较少，结构和活性的研究还不够深入，应从以上方面加大研究力度，促进沙棘蛋白资源的开发与利用。

Research Progress on Extraction and Functional Activity of Sea Buckthorn Protein and Polypeptides

Sea buckthorn is a deciduous shrub with strong vitality, which belongs to the plant with homology of medicine and food. According to previous studies, sea buckthorn has a large amount of protein in its leaves and seeds, which belongs to high-quality plant protein resources. Peptides can be obtained from sea buckthorn protein or raw materials through a series of operations such as enzymatic hydrolysis, electrolysis, acid-base catalysis and so on. This paper summarizes the existing literature and data to compare the principles and characteristics of different extraction methods of sea buckthorn protein and polypeptide, analyzes the amino acid composition and molecular weight of protein and polypeptide, and introduces their hypoglycemic, antioxidant, sobering and anti-inflammatory activities. Although sea buckthorn protein and polypeptide have many kinds of activities, the application of compound method to prepare protein and polypeptide is less, and the research of structure and activity is not deep enough. It's necessary to strengthen the research from above aspects to promote the development and utilization of sea buckthorn protein resources.