Improving the through-thickness thermal and electrical conductivity of carbon fibre/epoxy laminates by exploiting synergy between graphene and silver nano-inclusions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Sir Lawrence Wackett Aerospace Research Centre, School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Australia;2. School of Advanced Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia;3. Institut Clément Ader, Université de Toulouse, 133 C Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France;1. Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 565-905, Republic of Korea;2. Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Youngsan University, 288 Junam-ro, Yangsan-si, Kyungnam-do 626-790, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;2. Composite Materials and Structures Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;3. Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;1. Civil Aviation University of China, Department of Designs and Manufactures of Aircrafts, CAUC, 2898, Road Jinbei, District Dongli, 300300 Tianjin, China;2. Institut Pprime, CNRS – ENSMA – Université de Poitiers, Département Physique et Mécanique de Matériaux, ENSMA, Téléport 2, 1, Avenue Clément Ader, BP 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France;3. Lab. de Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux, CNRS UMR8579, Ecole Centrale de Paris, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France;1. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;2. Advanced Carbon Products Section, Advanced Materials and Devices Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India;3. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 6-13-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan;4. Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Fibre-reinforced polymer composites typically feature low functional (e.g., electric and thermal conductivity) and structural (e.g. mechanical strength and fracture toughness) properties in the laminate’s thickness direction. In the event of lightning strikes, overheating, and impact by foreign objects, composite laminates may suffer wide spread structural damage. This research explores the synergistic physical interaction between two-dimensional nanostructured (graphene nano-platelets) and, zero- or one-dimensional conductive fillers (silver nanoparticles or silver nanowires, respectively) when both are dispersed in fibre–polymer laminates. The results reveal a synergistic improvement in the through-thickness thermal conductivity that is more than the additive improvements by each constituent. Specifically, the simultaneous inclusion of graphene nano-platelets and silver nanoparticles/nanowires at a combined loading of 1 vol% resulted in approximately 40% enhancement in the through-thickness thermal conductivity while the inclusion of graphene nano-platelets alone at the same loading resulted only in 9% improvement. Similarly, the through-thickness electrical conductivity of carbon fibre/epoxy laminates incorporating graphene nano-platelets together with silver nanoparticles/nanowires was notably higher (?70%) than can be achieved by graphene nano-platelets alone (～55%). These results demonstrate that the presence of nano-reinforcements exhibiting varied phonon transport and electron transfer pathways, and geometric aspect ratios promote synergistic physical interactions. Small improvements were found in the mechanical properties, including tensile, flexural or compressive properties of the carbon fibre-reinforced laminates, due to the relatively low concentrations of the nano-fillers. |
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| Keywords: | A Laminates B Electrical properties B Thermal properties B Mechanical properties |
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