Enhancement of fracture toughness of hierarchical carbon fiber composites via improved adhesion between carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Gachon University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Republic of Korea;2. Pohang University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 790-784, Republic of Korea;3. University of California, Los Angeles, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Specially Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Composite Materials and Structures Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, USA;1. Aeronautical Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 7-44-1 Jindaiji-higashi, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8522, Japan;2. Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 6-6-02, Sendai 980-8579, Japan;1. Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;2. Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;1. Advanced Composite Centre for Innovation & Science (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, United Kingdom;2. SDM College of Engineering & Technology, VTU, Dharwad 580 002, India;3. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom;4. Department of Applied Physics, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, India;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.J. College of Engineering, VTU, Mysore 570 006, India |
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| Abstract: | Hierarchical +1 composites consisting of carbon fibers with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown onto them and an epoxy matrix were processed, and the mode I fracture toughness of these composites was evaluated. The mode I fracture toughness of the initial batches of the hierarchical composites was lower than that of the baseline samples without CNTs. Hence, efforts to enhance the adhesion between carbon fibers and CNTs were made, resulting in enhanced adhesion. The enhanced adhesion was confirmed by Scotch tape tests and mode I fracture toughness tests followed by fractographic studies. The mode I fracture toughness of the hierarchical composites with enhanced adhesion was 51% and 89% higher than those of the baseline samples and hierarchical composites with poor adhesion, respectively. Moreover, fractographic studies of the fracture surfaces of the hierarchical composites with enhanced adhesion showed that CNTs were still attached to carbon fibers even after the mechanical tests. |
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| Keywords: | A Carbon fiber A Hybrid A Nano-structures B Fracture toughness |
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