基于熔滴过渡理论的药芯焊丝工艺质量控制

介绍了气保护药芯焊丝熔滴过渡理论的基本概念，探讨了药芯焊丝熔滴过渡的影响因素，研究了药芯焊丝焊接飞溅和焊缝中气孔（压坑）控制机理。结果表明，这类焊丝熔滴过渡的基本形态是非轴向排斥滴状过渡，焊丝的电弧形态属于活动、连续型。焊丝熔滴过渡受主导力的控制，随焊接参数（电流）变化，熔滴过渡的主导力发生变化，致使熔滴过渡指数和过渡形态改变。影响熔滴过渡的主要因素是：药芯组成物、焊丝截面形状、焊丝直径和铜带厚度以及焊接工艺参数等。提出了控制焊接飞溅新观点，即控制熔滴尺寸是必要条件，而控制“熔滴大角度过渡次数”“熔滴存在时间和过渡间隔均匀性”“熔滴依附渣柱过渡次数”等指数是充分条件，两者缺一不可。在控制焊缝中气孔（压坑）机理方面，发现细熔滴过渡时气孔（压坑）倾向大，促使熔滴细化的药芯组成物和工艺参数都具有增大气孔（压境）倾向的作用。

Control of usability quaility in flux-cored wire based on metal transfer theory

The fundamental conception of metal transfer theory of gas-shielded flux-cored wire was presented,the factors influencing metal transfer of flux-cored wire were discussed,and the theory of controlling welding splash and the pore was studied.The result shows that the basal mode of metal transfer of this kind of flux-cored wire is non-axial repelled droplet transfer,the arc mode is activated and continued.Metal transfer is dominated by the primary force,and with the change of welding conditions(welding current),the primary force is changed which bring about the change of metal transfer index and metal transfer mode.The main factors influencing metal transfer are the component of flux,the shape of wire section,the diameter of wire,the thickness of the steel stripe,and the welding parameters.The new conception of controlling welding splash is brought forward controlling the droplet dimension is the necessary condition,controlling such parameters as 'the number of large angle metal transfer 'the time of being droplet and the uniformity of metal transfer'the number of slag pole-guided metal transfer' is the sufficient condition,and neither is dispensable.The mechanism of controlling the pore in the weld metal shows that the trend of producing pore increases with the fined drop metal transfer.The component of flux and the welding conditions which can fine the droplet will have the effect on increasing the incline of pore.