HEC-HMS水文模型在流域洪水模拟中的应用——以山西石楼县义牒河流域为例

利用HEC-HMS水文模型及Arc GIS平台,对分辨率为30 m的DEM数据进行了预处理和数字流域的提取,并将义牒河流域划分为17个子流域,结合对应的土地利用及土壤类型数据,生成水文模型的基本计算单元,对该流域的降雨径流过程进行了模拟。由于研究区下垫面条件复杂,为了分析不同产汇流方法对洪水的影响,采用2种模拟方案。方案一产流计算选用初损稳渗法、径流计算选用运动波法、河道洪水演算选用马斯京根法;方案二产流计算选用SCS曲线法、径流计算选用SCS单位线法、河道洪水演算选用马斯京根法。结果显示:方案一洪峰合格率为88.9%,DC均值为0.773,洪峰出现时差为10 min;方案二的洪峰合格率为89.9%,DC均值为0.838,洪峰出现时差为8 min。从DC均值、洪峰数值、洪峰出现时差的角度说明该水文模型在义牒河流域的适用性较好。

Application of HEC-HMS hydrological model in flood simulation of Yidie River Basin in Shilou County

Based on HEC-HMS hydrology model and ArcGIS platform, after pretreating the DEM data at 30 m resolution and extracting the digital basin for the Yidie River basin, we divided the basin into 17 sub-basins and generated fundamental hydrology computing elements with the combination of the corresponding land utilization and agrotype data to simulate the precipitation-runoff process in the basin. Due to the complex underlying surface, 2 simulation schemes were employed to analyze the influence of different confluence processes on flood. In scheme one, the calculations of runoff yield and runoff were calculated by initial loss and steady seepage method and kinematic wave method respectively and the flood was routed by Muskingum method; in scheme two, the runoff yield and runoff were calculated by SCS curve method and SCS unit hydrograph method respectively and the flood was routed by Muskingum method. The results show that the flood peak qualification rate of the first scheme is 88.9%, the average DC is 0.773, and the flood peak appearance time difference is 10 min; while the flood peak qualification rate of the second scheme is 89.9%, the average DC is 0.838, and the flood peak appearance time difference is 8 min. All above results point out that the hydrological model could be well applied in the Yidie River Basin and is of great significance for the application of HEC-HMS hydrological model in this area.