基于模糊物元法的黑龙江干流区生态健康评价

针对受堤防建设影响的黑龙江干流地区,基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型构建了流域生态健康评价体系;利用层次分析法和模糊物元理论建立了流域生态健康模糊物元评价模型,并应用到黑龙江干流行政区的生态健康评价中。结果表明,漠河县、黑河市区、同江市区和抚远县干扰前的生态健康评价值为0.679 3,0.728 3,0.731 4,0.755 8,干扰后为0.602 3,0.580 5,0.611 7,0.722 6;漠河县生态健康等级保持"亚健康",黑河市区和同江市区的生态健康等级降为"亚健康",抚远县生态健康等级保持"健康"。同时,4个评价单元对应的生态受损程度分别为11.34%,20.29%,16.37%和4.39%。此外,根据评价指标体系综合分析了4个县市存在的生态健康问题,提出了4县市生态环境保护应采取的措施。

Ecological health assessment of Heilongjiang River basin based on fuzzy matter element method

In view of the riparian area of main stream Heilongjiang River that is influenced by the embankment construction, a watershed ecosystem health assessment system is constructed based on the pressure state response (PSR) model. And a watershed ecosystem health assessment model is applied to the ecological health assessment of the administrative regions along the river, which is based on analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy matter element theory. The results show that the ecological health values of Mohe County, Heihe City, Tongjiang City and Fuyuan County were 0.6793, 0.7283, 0.7314 and 0.7558 before disturbance while the values were 0.6023, 0.5805, 0.6117 and 0.7026 after disturbance; for Mohe County and Fuyuan County, the ecological health level maintained "sub-health" and "health" while Heihe City and Tongjiang City degraded to "sub healthy"; the corresponding ecological damage degree of the four areas were 11.34%, 20.29%, 16.37% and 4.39%. In addition, according to the evaluation index system, the ecological health problems in the 4 cities are analyzed comprehensively and some countermeasures are put forward.