矿山地质环境保护研究综述

针对矿区地质环境保护问题,通过分析大量有关文献并结合实践研究,综述了国内外有关矿山开采制度、矿区环境评价与监测技术、矿区地灾防控与生态修复技术等方面的研究进展。对比分析发现:国外矿山地质环境保护着眼微观层面对土壤、水质等方面的修复,而我国矿山地质保护绝大多数尚停留在工程治理层面,法律保障、矿山恢复保证金、矿区绿色复垦技术是现有研究的薄弱环节。因此建议矿区地质灾害保护研究中应高度重视矿山地质环境保护政策、矿山灾变机理、矿山防灾与生态修复技术、矿山地质环境监测预警应急方法、系统与设备等方面,并解读了各研究方向主要思路。研究成果对推动我国矿山地质环境减灾理论研究与防治工程实践具有积极意义。

Research status and trend of mine geological environment protection

Aiming at the problem of geological environmental protection of mining area, via reading and analyzing a large number of related literatures and combining with practices, the research progress of mining rules and regulations, environmental assessment, monitoring technology, disaster prevention and control and ecological restoration technology for mining area at home and abroad are reviewed. Comparative analysis shows that the protection of mine geological environment in foreign countries focuses on the restoration of soil and water quality in micro level, the vast majority of mine geological protection in China remains at the level of engineering treatment, and the legal guarantee, mine restoration cash margin level and green reclamation technology are the weak links in China. The paper points out that the further research of geological environment protection in mining area should pay more attention to mine geological environment protection policy, the mechanism of mine disaster, mine disaster prevention and ecological restoration technology, mine geological environment monitoring and early emergency warning method, system and equipment. And the main ideas of various research directions are also explained. The research results have positive significance to promoting the theoretical research of mine geological environment disaster reduction and the practice of prevention and control project.