竹纤维的结构分析

利用化学方法提取了毛竹单纤维,通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和X衍射研究了竹纤维的形态、微观结构和结晶结构,并与棉纤维和麻纤维进行了比较。竹纤维呈圆柱形,头端为圆锥形,有麻类纤维的横向节纹,其长度要比棉、苎麻和亚麻短得多。竹纤维表层微纤的取向角很小,与纤维轴近乎平行排列,利用扫描电镜能够观察到竹纤维的同心层结构。X衍射的结果表明竹纤维的结晶度和晶粒的取向度与苎麻相近,要高于亚麻和棉,其晶粒尺寸大于其他3种纤维,同其他3种纤维一样,竹纤维的晶型均为Iβ占主体。

Analyzing the structure of bamboo fiber

Single fiber of Mao bamboo was extracted by chemical method.Its morphology,microfiber structure and crystalline structure were investigated and compared with those of cotton and flax and ramie fibers by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis.The investigation showed that bamboo fiber is long cylindrical and uniform in size with distinct nodes,which is similar to flax and ramie fibers,however its length is far less than that of cotton,ramie and flax fibers.Bamboo fiber has a small orientation angle for the exterior microfibers,which are parallel to fiber axis approximately.The structure of concentric lamina in cross section of bamboo fiber had been observed by SEM.The result of X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that crystallinity and orientation of bamboo fibers were similar to those of ramie fibers,and more than those of cotton and flax fibers,in addition,crystallite size of bamboo fiber was biggest among the four fibers.The allomorph in bamboo fibers was determined as I-βdominant type.