略论大学的自由学术和学术自由

大学自由学术和学术自由的理论源头可以追溯到亚里士多德和康德.亚里士多德认为作为理论原理的哲学知识就是自由学术;康德则认为应该在大学中给本身就是目的的“哲学部”以充分的学术自由.其实践意义在于形成西方大学重视理论知识的理性文化,奠定学术自由的制度保障.以此意义反思中国的大学教育,我们的大学存在文化短板与制度缺陷,既不重视理论知识的价值,也没有良好的学术自由制度保障,需要进行文化变革与制度创新.

On the Liberal Academic and Academic Freedom of Universities

The theoretical origin of university liberal academic and academic freedom can be traced back to Aristotle and Kant. Aristotle thinks that philosophical knowledge is the liberal academic as the theoretical principle. Kant argues that Philosophy department should be given sufficient academic freedom, because in university the purpose of Philosophy department is itself. It is important to the Western University which values lies in the formation of rational culture and providing system guarantee of academic freedom. By comparison, there are some cultural short boards and system defects in Chinese university culture and system. We do not pay attention to the value of theoretical knowledge, do not have the fine system to protect academic freedom. It needs cultural change and system innovation in universities.