Phased evacuation: An optimisation model which takes into account the capacity drop phenomenon in pedestrian flows |
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Authors: | Elvezia M Cepolina |
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Affiliation: | Department of Civil Engineering, Università di Pisa, Via Diotisalvi 2, 56126 Pisa, Italy |
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Abstract: | Experiments have been performed to study pedestrian flow through bottlenecks under oversaturated conditions. The data underline a new phenomenon in pedestrian flows: when high-density conditions occur upstream of a bottleneck, the maximum capacity of the bottleneck (i.e. the maximum number of pedestrians that can flow through the bottleneck in a given time interval) can drop. This is referred to as “capacity drop” and should be carefully taken into account when dealing with building evacuation philosophy. |
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Keywords: | Capacity drop Building evacuation Evacuation route-schedule planning Phased evacuation Movement model |
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