易拉罐用铝板材冶金质量比较分析

比较分析了当前国内所使用的几种易拉罐用铝板材与经高效熔体处理的试验铝板材的冶金质量和力学性能。结果表明：现用铝板中的夹杂物大多数为较粗大的复合夹杂物且含量较高；小块状第二相粒子大小相当，但均大于试验板材中的第二相尺寸，且分布不均匀性较明显；国产板材的常温拉伸性能低于国外板材，在三种板材中其各向异性最明显。经高效熔体处理的铝材中的夹杂物以细小Al2O3为主，夹杂物质量分数仅为0．273％；细小第二相均匀分布于基体，大多数为（Al，Fe，Mn，Mg，Si，RE）复合相；拉伸断口韧窝呈近等轴状，与国产板材相比，抗拉强度、屈服强度与伸长率分别提高9．1％、19．6％和12．8％，主要力学性能基本达到（有的甚至略优于）国外板材的性能水平。

Comparison and Analysis of Metallurgical Quality of Aluminium Sheets Used for Easy-open Cans

Metallurgical quality and mechanical properties of experimental aluminium sheets used for easy- open cans have been compared and analyzed with those of the commercial sheets.Most inclusions in the commercial sheets were relatively coarse compounds and their content was fairly high.The size of small block phases in commercial sheets was equivalent,and was bigger than that of experimental sheet,and the distribution of the phases were more non-uniform than that of experimental sheet too.The tensile properties at room temperature of home made sheets were lower than those of foreign sheets,and anisotropy of at home made sheets was the most obvious in the three kinds of sheets.Inclusions in the sheet prepared hy high-efficient melt-treatment were mainly the tiny Al_2O_3,the mass percentage of inclusions was only 0.273%.The small phases that distributed evenly in the matrix after roiling were mainly(Al,Fe,Mn,Mg,Si,RE)composite phases.Dimples of tensile fracture were equiaxial,and average tensile strength,average yield strength and average extensibility of experimental sheet were increased by 9.1%,19.6% and 12.8% respectively compared with those of home made sheets.The main mechanical properties of experimental sheet can reach the level of the imported sheet.