PET fiber fabrics modified with bioactive titanium oxide for bone substitutes |
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Authors: | Tadashi Kokubo Takahiro Ueda Masakazu Kawashita Yuichi Ikuhara Gikan H Takaoka Takashi Nakamura |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai-shi, Aichi 487-8501, Japan;(2) Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan;(3) School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;(4) Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan |
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Abstract: | A rectangular specimen of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was soaked in a titania solution composed of titanium isopropoxide,
water, ethanol and nitric acid at 25 °C for 1 h. An amorphous titanium oxide was formed uniformly on the surface of PET specimen,
but did not form an apatite on its surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF) within 3 d. The PET plate formed with the amorphous
titanium oxide was subsequently soaked in water or HCl solutions with different concentrations at 80 °C for different periods
of time. The titanium oxide on PET was transformed into nano-sized anatase by the water treatment and into nano-sized brookite
by 0.10 M HCl treatment at 80 °C for 8 d. The former did not form the apatite on its surface in SBF within 3 d, whereas the
latter formed the apatite uniformly on its surface. Adhesive strength of the titanium oxide and apatite layers to PET plate
was increased by pre-treatment of PET with 2 wt% NaOH solution at 40 °C for 2 h. A two-dimensional fabric of PET fibers 24 μm
in diameter was subjected to the NaOH pre-treatment at 40 °C, titania solution treatment at 25 °C and subsequent 0.10 M HCl
treatment at 80 °C. Thus treated PET fabric formed the apatite uniformly on surfaces of individual fibers constituting the
fabric in SBF within 3 d. Two or three dimensional PET fabrics modified with the nano-sized brookite on surfaces of the individual
fibers constituting the fabric by the present method are believed to be useful as flexible bone substitutes, since they could
be integrated with living bone through the apatite formed on their constituent fibers. |
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