Tensile properties of short-glass-fiber- and short-carbon-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Applied Science, Advanced Materials Research Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798;2. Institut fuer Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada;3. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada;1. College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;2. Performance Material Center, National Institute of Clean-and-low-carbon Energy (NICE), Beijing 102209, China;1. College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;3. Institute of Processing Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;4. Key Disciplines Lab of Novel Micro-Nano Devices and System and International R &D Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;1. University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria;2. Transfercenter fuer Kunststofftechnik GmbH, Franz-Fritsch-Strasse 11, 4600 Wels, Austria;3. TU Wien, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria |
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| Abstract: | Composites of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with short glass fibers (SGF) and short carbon fibers (SCF) were prepared with extrusion compounding and injection molding techniques. The tensile properties of these composites were investigated. It was noted that an increase in fiber volume fraction led to a decrease in mean fiber length as observed previously. The relationship between mean fiber length and fiber volume fraction was described by a proper exponential function with an offset. The tensile strength and modulus of SGF/PP and SCF/PP composites were studied taking into account the combined effect of fiber volume fraction and mean fiber length. The results about the composite strength and modulus were interpreted using the modified rule of mixtures equations by introducing two fiber efficiency factors, respectively, for the composite strength and modulus. It was found that for both types of composites the fiber efficiency factors decreased with increasing fiber volume fraction and the more brittle fiber namely carbon fiber corresponded to the lower fiber efficiency factors than glass fiber. Meanwhile, it was noted that the fiber efficiency factor for the composite modulus was much higher than that for the composite strength. Moreover, it was observed that the tensile failure strain of the composites decreased with the increase of fiber volume fraction. An empirical but good relationship of the composite failure strain with fiber volume fraction, fiber length and fiber radius was established. |
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