生物柴油的制备及其副产物粗甘油分离与精制工艺的研究

研究了生物柴油制备工艺条件的确定及其副产品粗甘油的分离与精制,对甘油精制中溶剂的选择、溶液的pH值和蒸馏温度对甘油得率的影响进行了研究。制备生物柴油的最佳条件为醇油摩尔比6:1,催化剂用量1%,反应温度60℃,反应时间90 m in,得率达到98.1%(以菜籽油质量100 g为基准)。粗甘油精制的最佳工艺为:用甲醇作溶剂,离心溶液的pH值在5~7之间,在此条件下甘油的得率可以达到31.2%(以粗甘油质量为基准,100 g菜籽油得16 g粗甘油),纯度达到97.52%,可以满足于各种化工生产。

Study on Preparation of Biodiesel and Recovery and Refining Technology of Glycerol from its By-product

Preparation of biodiesel as well as recovery and refining of glycerol from the by-product of biodiesel was researched.The effects of solvent,pH value of solution and distilling temperature on yield of pure glycerol are also discussed.The optimal process conditions for the transesterification(reaction) of rapeseeds oil are:methanol to oil ratio at 6 :1,1% KOH(W%) of oil,reaction temperature 60℃,reaction time 90 min.Fatty acid methyl ester yield is more than 98.1% at the best technology conditions.The best operations for the recovery and refining technology of glycerol are as follows: the bottom layer of transesterification product was diluted with methanol,then was neutralized to pH=5.0-7.0.The purity of refined glycerol is 97.52%.