蓖麻醇酸酯生物合成代谢途径及关键酶研究进展

蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)是起源于非洲的热带多年生灌木,属大戟科的一种油料植物,在世界上热带及亚热带区域种植。现在蓖麻基因组草图绘制完成,在大戟科成员中尚属首例。随着近年来分子生物学和基因工程技术的发展,蓖麻醇酸酯合成代谢途径基本确定,研究主要对蓖麻醇酸酯生物合成代谢途径及关键酶———脂酰-ACP硫酯酶、油酰-12羟化酶、二酰甘油酰基转移酶、磷脂︰二酰甘油酰基转移酶、磷脂酰胆碱二酰甘油胆碱磷酸转移酶等几个关键酶进行综述,对蓖麻醇酸酯代谢遗传工程应用研究有较大的意义。

The Research Progress of Ricinoleate Biosynthetic Pathways and Key enzymes

Abstract The castor bean plant is a tropical perennial shrub that originated in Africa, but is now cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions around the world. It have been reported that draft genome sequence of castor bean, the first for a member of the Euphorbiaceae. With the development of molecular biology and genetic engineering technology, the ricinoleate biosynthesize metabolic pathway of castor have been established. This review deals the ricinoleate and the key enzymatic, such as Acyl-ACP thioesterases, oleate-12-hydroxylase, acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase and phosphatidylcholine diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase, et al. The application of genetic engineering methods affords opportunities for researchers to apply knowledge gained about castor lipid metabolism toward enhanced use of plant oils as abundant and renewable sources of reduced carbon.