The composition of particulate phosphorus: A case study of the Grand River,Canada |
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Authors: | Ryuichiro Shinohara Lance Ouellette Peter Nowell Chris T. Parsons Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki R. Paul Voroney |
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Affiliation: | 1. National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki, Japan;2. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph N1G 2W1, ON, Canada;3. Ecohydrology Research Group and The Water Institute, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada |
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Abstract: | We examined the fractions of particulate phosphorus (PP) in the lower reaches of the Grand River, Canada, to test the hypothesis that the river is a source of both particulate-bound orthophosphate and labile species of PP. At the mouth of the Grand River, the proportion of particulate organic P (POP) was, on average, 57.7% of total PP, which was significantly higher than the proportion of particulate inorganic P (PIP) in PP. Analysis with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the proportion of P species other than orthophosphate in the NaOH- EDTA extract was 1.75 times greater than that of orthophosphate. Labile P species (e.g. nucleotides and pyrophosphate) were present in the NMR spectrum; whereas, refractory organic P (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) was absent. These results suggest that during winter and spring, the Grand River supplies primarily bioavailable phosphorus species in organic forms to Lake Erie, rather than inorganic orthophosphate. These results suggest that labile organic P is contained in PP rather than alkaline extractable inorganic P. Future studies should examine POP species in other rivers of the Lake Erie watershed. |
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Keywords: | Labile phosphorus Organic phosphorus Suspended particles 31 |
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