三工河流域地下水资源与可持续利用

三工河流域地处新疆天山北坡经济带,流域发源于天山博格达峰,是独立的小流域。而流域的自然景观和地貌单元的完整性,具有大流域的分布规律。目前流域供水水源以河道来水和开采地下水为主,由于长期的超采地下水,已经造成该流域地下水位持续下降。本文在系统地阐述流域地质条件以及含水层组特征的基础上,利用流域多年基础资料,采用水均衡方法,对现状进行水资源平衡分析、地下水平衡分析、耗水量平衡分析,构建出合理地下水数值模型,并进行了地下水水位、水量远景预报,确定出合理的地下水资源量以及合理的地下水可开采量。根据流域的不同地貌单元,制定出不同的地下水开发利用模式与保护区,按照限制开采、调蓄开采、调控开采和禁止开采等四个区域确定地下水利用模式。

Groundwater Resources in Sangong River Basin and the Sustainable Utilization

Located in the economic zone north of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang,the Sangong River basin originates from Mt.Bogda of the Tianshan Mountains and is a small independent basin.The natural landscape and the integrity of the geomorphic units of the basin have the same distribution rules as those of other large basin.Nowadays,the river water and groundwater are the main resource of water supply in Sangong River basin,but the long-time overdrawing of the groundwater has resulted in a continuous drop in groundwater level.Based on the geologic conditions and the characteristics of aquifers and on the use of annual basic data, the method of water balance is used to analyze the water resources and the consumption water of the basin.A rational groundwater numerical model is proposed to predict the groundwater level and the water quantity.The total quantity of the groundwater resources and their reasonable yield are determined.According to different geomorphic units of the basin,the different patterns of groundwater exploitation and utilization and the conservation areas are established by dividing the basin into restriction area,storing area,controlling area and the prohibition area.