Crystallization Kinetics and Phase Development of PbO–BaO–SrO–Nb2O5–B2O3–SiO2-Based Glass–Ceramics |
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| Authors: | Ching-Tai Cheng Michael Lanagan Beth Jones Jiang-Tsair Lin Ming-Jen Pan |
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| Affiliation: | Center for Dielectric Studies, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Materials Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan 31040, China; Nova Research Inc., Alexandria, Virginia 22308 |
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| Abstract: | The nucleation and crystallization kinetics of PbO–BaO–SrO–Nb2O5–B2O3–SiO2-based glass–ceramics have been investigated. Strontium barium niobate (Sr0.33Ba0.67Nb2O6) with a tetragonal tungsten–bronze structure formed as the major crystalline phase, which nucleates and grows on the surface region of samples. The results of the present study showed an apparent activation energy of 193 kJ/mol for nucleation, which was controlled by the viscous flow of the glass. Quantitative X-ray analysis and differential thermal analysis showed that the rate-limiting mechanism of crystallization appeared to be a three-dimensional interfacial growth, which has an apparent activation energy of 386–430 kJ/mol, a value that is close to the dissociation of Si–O bonds in the glass system. |
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