基于连续横向枝节的波束扫描天线研究进展

近年来空天地技术飞速发展,大量不同轨道卫星与地面各种移动载体的实时高质量无线通信要求天线具有波束扫描性能,且易共形、重量轻、成本低、功耗小。与反射面和相控阵天线相比,基于平行板波导(Parallel Plate Waveguide, PPW)的连续横向枝节(Continuous Transverse Stub, CTS)天线较易于满足诸多要求。文章首先阐述了CTS天线及其扫描工作原理;然后对机扫和频扫天线的研究进展分别做了分析和总结,实现俯仰面机扫的方法有三种:移动馈源、可变倾角CTS 天线和旋转加载在CTS 天线上方的相移超表面。同时,整体旋转天线阵列还可进行方位面扫描,即实现二维机械扫描。最后指出CTS 波束扫描天线所面临的问题、挑战和下一步研究方向。

Research Progress of Beam Scanning Antennas Based on Continuous Transverse Stub

Recently, with the rapid development of space-air-ground technology, the real-time and high-quality wire-less communications between versatile satellites in different orbits and various mobile carriers on the ground require the antenna to have the characteristics of beam scanning, easy conformation, light weight, low cost and low power consumption. Compared with reflector antennas and phased arrays, parallel plate waveguide (PPW) based continuous transverse stub (CTS) antenna can easily satisfy the abovementioned demands. Firstly, the operation principles of CTS antenna and its beam scanning are expounded. Secondly, the research progess of mechanical scanning and frequency scanning antennas are analyzed and summarized. The mechanical beam scanning of CTS antenna in elevation can be realized by three means: moving the feeding source, variable inclination CTS antenna, and rotating the phase shift metasurface placed above the CTS antenna. Simultaneously, the scanning in azimuth could be achieved by rotating the whole antenna, so the two dimensional mechanical scanning is realized. Finally, the problems, chanlenges, and further research directions of CTS antenna are discussed.